Timeline of historic inventions - 19th century
|
The timeline of historic inventions is a chronological list of particularly important or significant technological inventions.
Note: Dates for inventions are often controversial. Inventions are often invented by several inventors around the same time, or may be invented in an impractical form many years before another inventor improves the invention into a more practical form. Where there is ambiguity, the date of the first known working version of the invention is used here.
19th century
1800s
- 1801: Jacquard loom: Joseph Marie Jacquard
- 1802: Screw propeller steamboat Phoenix: John Stevens
- 1802: Gas stove: James Sharp
- 1803: Morphine (first isolation from opium): Friedrich W. A. Serturner[252]
- 1804: Locomotive: Richard Trevithick
- 1805: Submarine Nautilus: Robert Fulton
- 1807: Steamboat Clermont: Robert Fulton
- 1808: Band saw: William Newberry
- 1809: Arc lamp: Humphry Davy
1810s
- 1814: Steam locomotive (Blücher):
- 1816: Miner's safety lamp: Humphry Davy
- 1816: Stirling engine: Robert Stirling
- 1816: Stethoscope: Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec
- 1817: Draisine or velocipede (two-wheeled): Karl Drais
- 1817: Kaleidoscope: David Brewster
- 1818: Bicycle: Karl Drais[8]
1820s
- 1821: Electric motor: Michael Faraday
- 1823: Electromagnet: William Sturgeon
- 1823: Lighter: Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner
- 1824: Portland cement: William Aspdin
- 1826: Photography: Joseph Nicéphore Niépce
- 1826: Internal combustion engine: Samuel Morey
- 1827: Friction match: John Walker
- 1829: Steam locomotive: George Stephenson[8]
1830s
- 1830: Thermostat: Andrew Ure[8]
- 1830: Stenotype on punched paper strip: Karl Drais
- 1831: Multiple coil magnet: Joseph Henry
- 1831: Magnetic acoustic telegraph: Joseph Henry (patented 1837)
- 1831: Reaper: Cyrus McCormick
- 1831: Electrical generator: Michael Faraday, Ányos Jedlik
- 1834: The Hansom cab is patented
- 1834: Louis Braille perfects his Braille system
- 1834: Refrigerator: Jacob Perkins
- 1834: Combine harvester: Hiram Moore
- 1834: Electric Motor: Thomas Davenport
- 1835: Revolver: Samuel Colt
- 1835: Electromechanical Relay: Joseph Henry
- 1835: Incandescent light bulb: James Bowman Lindsay
- 1836: Sewing machine: Josef Madersberger
- 1837: US electric printing press patented by Thomas Davenport (February 25)
- 1837: Steel plow: John Deere
- 1837: Standard diving dress: Augustus Siebe[253]
- 1837: Camera Zoom Lens: Jozef Maximilián Petzval
- 1837: Magnetic telegraph: Samuel Morse
- 1838: Electric telegraph: Charles Wheatstone (also Samuel Morse)
- 1838: closed diving suit with a helmet: Augustus Siebe[253]
- 1839: Vulcanization of rubber: Charles Goodyear
1840s
- 1840: Artificial fertilizer: Justus von Liebig
- 1841: Saxophone:Adolphe Sax
- 1842: Superphosphate fertilizer: John Bennett Lawes
- 1842: Steam hammer: James Nasmyth
- 1842: Anaesthesia: Crawford Long
- 1843: Typewriter: Charles Thurber
- 1843: Fax machine: Alexander Bain
- 1843: Ice cream maker: Nancy Johnson
- 1843: Pile driver: James Nasmyth
- 1844: The safety match: Gustaf Erik Pasch
- 1844: Pulp wood for papermaking: Charles Fenerty (Nova Scotia, Canada), and F.G. Keller (Germany)
- 1845: Pneumatic tyre: Robert Thomson (inventor)
- 1846: Sewing machine: Elias Howe
- 1846: Rotary printing press: Richard M. Hoe
- 1849: Safety pin: Walter Hunt
- 1849: Francis turbine: James B. Francis
- 1849: Telephone: Antonio Meucci
1850s
- 1852: Airship: Henri Giffard
- 1852: Passenger elevator: Elisha Otis
- 1852: Gyroscope: Léon Foucault
- 1855: Bunsen burner: Peter Desaga
- 1855: Bessemer process: Henry Bessemer
- 1856: Celluloid: Alexander Parkes
- 1858: Undersea telegraph cable: Charles Wheatstone
- 1858: Mason jar: John L. Mason
- 1859: Oil drill: Edwin L. Drake
- 1859: Lead acid battery: Gaston Plante
- Badminton in India[254][255]
1860s
- 1860: Light Bulb, Sir Joseph Swan
- 1860: Linoleum: Fredrick Walton
- 1860: Repeating rifle: Oliver F. Winchester, Christopher Spencer
- 1860: Self-propelled torpedo: Giovanni Luppis
- 1861: Ironclad (Battleship) USS Monitor: John Ericsson
- 1861: Siemens regenerative furnace: Carl Wilhelm Siemens
- 1862: Revolving machine gun: Richard J. Gatling
- 1862: Mechanical submarine: Narcís Monturiol i Estarriol
- 1862: Pasteurization: Louis Pasteur, Claude Bernard
- 1863: Player piano: Henri Fourneaux
- 1865: Roller Coaster: LaMarcus Adna Thompson
- 1865: Barbed wire: Louis Jannin
- 1866: Dynamite: Alfred Nobel
- 1868: Practical typewriter: Christopher Sholes, Carlos Glidden and Samuel W. Soule, with assistance from James Densmore
- 1868: Air brake (rail): George Westinghouse
- 1868: Oleomargarine: Mege Mouries
- 1869: Vacuum cleaner: I.W. McGaffers
1870s
- 1870: Chewing gum: Thomas Adams[8]
- 1870: Magic Lantern projector: Henry R. Heyl
- 1870: Stock ticker: Thomas Alva Edison
- 1871: Cable car (railway): Andrew S. Hallidie
- 1873: Jeans: Levi Strauss[8]
- 1873: Railway knuckle coupler: Eli H. Janney
- 1873: Modern direct current electric motor: Zénobe Gramme
- 1874: Barbed wire: Joseph Glidden[8]
- 1874: Electric street car: Stephen Dudle Field
- 1874: DDT: Othmar Zeidler[8]
- 1875: Dynamo: William A. Anthony
- 1875: Magazine (firearm): Benjamin B. Hotchkiss
- 1876: Carpet sweeper: Melville Bissell
- 1876: Gasoline carburettor: Daimler
- 1876: Loudspeaker: Alexander Graham Bell
- 1877: Stapler: Henry R. Heyl
- 1877: Induction motor: Nikola Tesla
- 1877: Phonograph: Thomas Alva Edison
- 1877: Microphone: Emile Berliner
- 1878: Cathode ray tube: William Crookes
- 1878: Rebreather: Henry Fleuss[256]
- 1879: Pelton turbine: Lester Pelton
- 1879: Cash register: James Ritty
1880s
- 1880: Photophone: Alexander Graham Bell
- 1880: Roll film: George Eastman
- 1880: Safety razor: Kampfe Brothers
- 1880: Seismograph: John Milne
- 1881: Metal detector: Alexander Graham Bell
- 1882: Electric fan: Schuyler Skaats Wheeler
- 1882: Blowtorch: Carl Rickard Nyberg
- 1883: Two-phase (alternating current) induction motor: Nikola Tesla
- 1884: Linotype machine: Ottmar Mergenthaler
- 1884: Recording data on a machine readable medium, the Punched card: Herman Hollerith
- 1884: Trolley car, (electric): Frank Sprague, Charles Van Depoele
- 1885: Automobile patent granted (internal combustion engine powered): Karl Benz, first automobile put into production
- 1885: Machine gun: Hiram Stevens Maxim[257]
- 1885: Motorcycle: Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach
- 1885: Alternating current transformer: William Stanley
- 1885: Safety bicycle: John Kemp Starley
- 1886: Dishwasher: Josephine Cochrane
- 1886: Gasoline engine: Gottlieb Daimler
- 1886: Improved phonograph cylinder: Tainter & Bell
- 1887: Amphetamine: Lazăr Edeleanu[258]
- 1887: Monotype machine: Tolbert Lanston
- 1887: Contact lens: Adolf E. Fick, Eugène Kalt and August Muller
- 1887: Gramophone record: Emile Berliner
- 1887: Ceiling fan: Philip Diehl
- 1888: Polyphase AC Electric power system: Nikola Tesla (30 related patents.)
- 1888: Kodak hand camera: George Eastman
- 1888: Ballpoint pen: John Loud
- 1888: Harvester-thresher: Matteson (?)
- 1888: Kinematograph: Augustin Le Prince
- 1889: Northrop Loom: Draper Corporation, James Henry Northrop
- Takadiastase: Jokichi Takamine
1890s
- 1891: Escalator: Jesse W. Reno[8]
- 1891: Landing gear: Chūhachi Ninomiya
- 1891: Pusher propeller: Chūhachi Ninomiya
- 1891: Stabilizer: Chūhachi Ninomiya
- 1891: Thermal cracking process: Vladimir Shukhov
- 1891: Zipper: Whitcomb L. Judson
- 1891: Carborundum: Edward G. Acheson
- 1891: Modern adjustable spanner: Johan Petter Johansson
- 1891: Tesla coil: Nikola Tesla
- 1892: Color photography: Frederic E. Ives
- 1892: Automatic telephone exchange (electromechanical): Almon Strowger - First in commercial service.
- 1893: Biplane: Chūhachi Ninomiya[259]
- 1893: Tailless aircraft: Chūhachi Ninomiya[259]
- 1893: Carburetor: Donát Bánki and János Csonka
- 1893: Tuned wireless communication: Nikola Tesla (The True Wireless)
- 1893: Radio: Nikola Tesla [260]
- 1894: Radio transmission: Jagdish Chandra Bose in Bengal[261]
- 1894: Milking machine: Gustaf de Laval
- 1894: Methamphetamine: Nagayoshi Nagai[262]
- 1895: X-ray : Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen
- 1895: Diesel engine: Rudolf Diesel
- 1895: Radiotelegraph: Guglielmo Marconi
- 1896: Vitascope: Thomas Armat
- 1897: Modern escalator: Jesse W. Reno
- 1898: Tapered roller bearing: Henry Timken
- 1898: Remote control: Nikola Tesla
- 1898: ignition coil: Nikola Tesla
- 1899: Iron-mercury coherer: Jagdish Chandra Bose in Bengal
- 1899: Automobile self starter: Clyde J. Coleman
- 1899: Magnetic tape recorder: Valdemar Poulsen
- 1899: Gas turbine: Charles Curtis
See also
- List of inventors
- List of emerging technologies
- English inventions and discoveries
- Inventions of the Islamic Golden Age
- List of Australian inventions
- List of Chinese inventions
- List of Indian inventions and discoveries
- List of Japanese inventions
- List of Korean inventions
- List of United States inventions
- Scottish inventions and discoveries
- Welsh inventions and discoveries
References
- Alter, J. S. in "Kabaddi, a national sport of India". Dyck, Noel (2000). Games, Sports and Cultures. Berg Publishers: ISBN 1859733174.
- Asimov, Isaac, "Asimov's Chronology of Science and Discovery", Harper & Row, 1989. ISBN 0-06-015612-0
- Bedini, Silvio A. (1994). The Trail of Time : Time Measurement with Incense in East Asia. England: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521374820.
- Chamberlin, J. Edward (2007). Horse: How the Horse Has Shaped Civilizations. Moscow: Olma Media Group. ISBN 1904955363.
- Dales, George (1974). "Excavations at Balakot, Pakistan, 1973". Journal of Field Archaeology 1 (1-2): 3-22 [10].
- Davreu, Robert (1978). "Cities of Mystery: The Lost Empire of the Indus Valley". The World’s Last Mysteries. (second edition). Sydney: Readers’ Digest. ISBN 0909486611
- De Bono, Edward, "Eureka! An Illustrated History of Inventions from the Wheel to the Computer", Thames & Hudson, 1974.
- Finger, Stanley (2001). Origins of Neuroscience: A History of Explorations Into Brain Function. England: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0195146948.
- Ghosh, Amalananda (1990). An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology. Brill. ISBN 9004092641.
- Ghosh, S.; Massey, Reginald; and Banerjee, Utpal Kumar (2006). Indian Puppets: Past, Present and Future. Abhinav Publications. ISBN 817017435X.
- Gowlett, John, "Ascent to Civilization", McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1992. ISBN 0-07-544312-0
- Juleff, G. (1996). An ancient wind powered iron smelting technology in Sri Lanka. Nature 379 (3): 60–63.
- Koppel, Tom (2007). Ebb and Flow: Tides and Life on Our Once and Future Planet. Dundurn Press Ltd. ISBN 1550027263.
- Livingston, Morna & Beach, Milo (2002). Steps to Water: The Ancient Stepwells of India. Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 1568983247.
- Needham, Joseph (1954-1986), Science and Civilisation in China, Cambridge University Press
- Platt, Richard, "Eureka!: Great Inventions and How They Happened", 2003.
- Pruthi, Raj (2004). Prehistory and Harappan Civilization. New Delhi: APH Publishing Corp. ISBN 8176485810.
- Schafer, Edward H. (1963). The Golden Peaches of Samarkand: A Study of T'ang Exotics. California: University of California Press. ISBN 0520054628.
- Srinivasan, S. & Ranganathan, S. Wootz Steel: An Advanced Material of the Ancient World. Bangalore: Indian Institute of Science.
- Thrusfield, Michael (2007). Veterinary Epidemiology. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 1405156279.
- Whitelaw, Ian (2007). A Measure of All Things: The Story of Man and Measurement. Macmillan. ISBN 0312370261.
